Laser diffraction

Dynamic Light Scattering

Microscopy and digital image analysis

Scanning electron microscopy / EDX

Gasadsorption (BET)

Differential Scanning Calorimetry

Air permeability

Helium pycnometry

Mercury porosimetry

Apparent volume

Flowability

Rotary sample divider

Instrument and measuring principle
Air flow rate through a compressed powder bed is measured and correlated to the surface area of the substance.

Instruments:

  • Air permeameter, Blaine,
       Ph.Eur for particles below
       50 µm
  • Air permeameter for particles
       below 2000 µm (custom made
       and not commercially
       available)

    Parameters and applications
    Specific surface area of particulate materials (m² per g or m² per cm³) is measured. The specific surface area determined by this method is related to the surface area accessible to an aqueous liquid. Experiences have shown that this surface area is related to the dissolution rate and bioavailability of poorly soluble active substances. The volume-surface diameter can be calculated on the basis of the specific surface area.

    Prerequisites
    Air permeameter, Blaine, Ph.Eur for particles below 50 µm:
    1 – 2 g of dry substance. Median particle size below 50 µm. The density of the substance is required (helium pycnometry).
    Drying condition should be determined.

    Air permeameter for particles below 2000 µm:
    Min. 70 cm³ of sample is required. The density determined by mercury porosimetry is required.

     




  • Air permeameter for particles below 50 µm.


    Air permeameter for particles below 2000 µm.